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Jon Pertwee
Invasion of the Dinosaurs
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Synopsis


A Dinosaur Attacks
A Dinosaur Attacks
 Arriving back on modern-day Earth, The Doctor and Sarah discover London is deserted and under martial law. They eventually find an army patrol, but are arrested as looters, and are sent to a detention centre as prisoners. But as their journey begins, their transport comes under attack by a tyrannosaurus rex. Dinosaurs have invaded London!

 UNIT has been called in to assist the army with the running of the city, and to try and find a solution to the problem. Released from captivity, The Doctor takes up his old role as UNIT’s scientific advisor in order to help try and discover why dinosaurs keep appearing and disappearing from London’s streets.

 The Doctor suspects a deliberate plan is causing the dinosaur menace, but who is behind the scheme? Who amongst his allies can be trusted? And when Sarah vanishes, just how does she find herself on a spaceship carrying hundreds of people in suspended animation towards a new life on a distant New Earth…??

Source: BBC VHS Video


General Information

Season: Eleven
Production Code: WWW
Story Number: 71
Episode Numbers:360 - 365
Number of Episodes: 6
Percentage of Episodes Held:100%
Alternative Titles:"Dinosaur Invasion"
Working Titles:"Bridgehead from Space" and "Timescoop"
Production Dates: September - November 1973
Broadcast Started: 12 January 1974
Broadcast Finished: 16 February 1974
Colour Status: Colour
Studio: BBC Television Centre (TC4, TC6 and TC8)
Location: Westminster Bridge, Whitehall, Trafalgar Square, Haymarket, Covent Garden, Southall and Wimbledon Common (London)
Writer:Malcolm Hulke
Director:Paddy Russell
Producer:Barry Letts
Script Editors:Terrance Dicks and Robert Holmes (Uncredited)
Editor:Bob Rymer
Production Assistant:George Gallaccio
Assistant Floor Manager:John Wilcox
Designer:Richard Morris
Costume Designer:Barbara Kidd
Make-Up Designer:Jean McMillan
Cameraman:Keith Hopper
Lighting:Alan Horne
Visual Effects:Clifford Culley
Incidental Music:Dudley Simpson
Special Sounds (SFX Editor):Dick Mills
Studio Sounds:Trevor Webster
Title Sequence:Bernard Lodge
Title Music:Ron Grainer and the BBC Radiophonic Workshop. Arranged by Delia Derbyshire
Number of Doctors: 1
The Doctor: Jon Pertwee (The Third Doctor)
Number of Companions: 4The Companions: Nicholas Courtney (The Brigadier), John Levene (Sergeant Benton), Richard Franklin (Captain Mike Yates) and Elisabeth Sladen (Sarah Jane Smith) Guest Cast: Martin Jarvis (Butler) Additional Cast: John Bennett (General Finch), Ben Aris (Lieutenant Shears), Dave Carter (Sergeant Duffy), Martin Taylor (Corporal Norton), George Bryson (Private Ogden), John Caesar (R/T Soldier), Gordon Reid (Phillips), Trevor Lawrence (Lodge), Terry Walsh (Warehouse Looter), Noel Johnson (Charles Grover M.P.), Peter Miles (Professor Whitaker), James Marcus (Peasant), Pat Gorman (UNIT Corporal), Terence Wilton (Mark), Carmen Silvera (Ruth), Brian Badcoe (Adam), Colin Bell (Private Bryson), Timothy Craven (Robinson)Setting: Earth (1970s) Villains:General Finch, Professor Whitaker and Sir Charles Grover

The Episodes

No. Episodes Broadcast
(UK)
Duration Viewers
(Millions)
In Archive
360Part 112 January 197425'29"11.016mm B&W engineering print
361Part 219 January 197424'43"10.1PAL 2" colour videotape
362Part 326 January 197423'26"11.0PAL 2" colour videotape
363Part 402 February 197423'33"9.0PAL 2" colour videotape
364Part 509 February 197424'30"9.0PAL 2" colour videotape
365Part 616 February 197425'34"7.5PAL 2" colour videotape

Total Duration 2 Hours 27 Minutes


Audience Appreciation

Average Viewers (Millions) 9.6
Doctor Who Magazine Poll (1998)60.34%  (Position = 119 out of 159)
Doctor Who Magazine Poll (2009)65.32% Higher (Position = 131 out of 200)
Doctor Who Magazine Poll (2014)69.76% Higher (Position = 137 out of 241)
Doctor Who Magazine Poll (2023) Position = 13 out of 24


Archives


 All six episodes exist. Episodes 2-6 as PAL 2" colour videotape. Episode 1 only as a 16mm Black and White engineering print. Episode 3 also exists as an earlier version than the final transmitted version.



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Notes


This story is renowned for being one of the least fondly-remembered stories of the Third Doctor’s era. In particular many fans feel this story suffers from a good story let down by awful special effects. An effects company, Westbury Design & Optical, had sold the production team on their ability to create dinosaurs, but the finished product fell far below expectations.

Despite being planned as the second story of Season Eleven, this story was the first to be made as part of the eleventh recording block ("The Time Warrior" having been recorded at the end of the tenth block). It was also the second story in a row which Producer Barry Letts found himself wanting, but unable, to direct because of his responsibilities to the science-fiction series Moonbase 3. Instead, the director's chair was assigned to Paddy Russell - whose last Doctor Who work had been the 1966 First Doctor story "The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Eve" seven years earlier.

For the first time in the shows history, a ‘Gallery only’ day followed the recording of this story. This was a session involving none of the cast, allowing Paddy Russell and her team to assemble the story and complete the work required on the electronic effects.

The working titles for the story included: "Bridgehead from Space" (as the original story-line featured aliens behind the monsters' appearances). It was later changed to "Timescoop" when the alien portion of the story was removed and the ‘Operation Golden Age’ plotline was created. Before becoming "Invasion of the Dinosaurs". Writer Malcolm Hulke protested against the use of the title "Invasion of the Dinosaurs", preferring "Timescoop".

After recording had been completed Producer Barry Letts decided to keep the identity of the story's monsters a secret by airing the first episode under the truncated title "Invasion". This change in title for the first episode also met with displeasure from writer Malcolm Hulke (who thought that the abrupt change of moniker with episode two, combined with the possible loss of ratings due to the boring and generic title, was injurious to his reputation). Ironically this attempt to hide the main plot element was undermined anyway by the BBC listings magazine Radio Times who gave the full story title. Script Editor Terrance Dicks later agreed that the contraction of the first episode to "Invasion" was a decision he now regretted.

The change in title for episode one also lead to one of the most widely-believed myths in Doctor Who folklore, with fans later believing that the reason behind the destruction of only the first episode of this story was because it had been erroneously identified as part of the 1969 Second Doctor story "The Invasion". This is, however, a myth; the junking had nothing to do with the earlier story – which had been partially deleted before "Invasion of the Dinosaurs" was recorded.

This story would transpire to be Malcolm Hulke's final Doctor Who story. He would though continue to have an involvement in the show writing novelisations for Target's Doctor Who range. He later died in 1979.

Martin Jarvis, who plays Butler, had previously portrayed Hilio in the 1965 First Doctor story "The Web Planet". He went on to make one further Doctor Who appearance, as the Governor in the 1985 Sixth Doctor story "Vengeance on Varos".

John Bennett, who plays General Finch, would later return to the show as Li H'sen Chang in the 1977 Fourth Doctor story "The Talons of Weng-Chiang".

Peter Miles, who plays Professor Whitaker, previously appeared as Doctor Lawrence in the 1970 story "Doctor Who and the Silurians". He went on to make one further Doctor Who appearance, as Nyder in the 1975 Fourth Doctor story "Genesis of the Daleks".

This story features one of Doctor Who's most curious plot twists: the sudden change of sides by Captain Mike Yates (as played by Richard Franklin), one of The Brigadier's most trusted operatives and a semi-regular character; Captain Mike Yates would be written out in this story into forced retirement, though he would get the chance to redeem himself in the final story of Season Eleven, "Planet of the Spiders".

This story establishes companion Sarah Jane Smith as being 23 (three years younger than actress Elisabeth Sladen), from which it can be inferred that she was born in 1951, however the UNIT stories may have taken place later than the dates they were broadcast.

Interestingly a clip on the website of The Sarah Jane Adventures refers to the events of this story as having been explained as mass hallucinations caused by a contaminated water supply.

This story includes the first appearance of The Doctor's futuristic new car, named ‘The Alien’ by its makers but referred to generally as the Whomobile (though never referred to onscreen as such). It had still to be fully completed by the time the filming for this story took place, and so is seen with no roof and only a makeshift windscreen.

When the TARDIS first materialises in the park, it is without its top 'Police Public Call Box' signs. Instead, the normally illuminated panels are dark rectangles.

The Doctor is heard to mention the Blinovitch Limitation Effect in relation to the development of time travel.

At the end of this story The Doctor offers to take Sarah to the planet Florana - which he describes as 'probably one of the most beautiful planets in the universe'. This invitation leads into the next story "Death to the Daleks". The Ninth Doctor and the Tenth Doctor both also described a wonder of the universe in glorious detail in order to encourage a companion to stick around ("Aliens of London/World War Three", "The Sound of Drums/Last of the Time Lords" and "The Sontaran Stratagem/The Poison Sky").

An alternative version of the events of this story is mentioned in the Big Finish Productions Doctor Who Unbound audio play "Sympathy for the Devil".

Sarah Jane Smith refers to her encounter with real dinosaurs in a conversation with Rose Tyler during the 2006 Tenth Doctor story "School Reunion". The Seventh Doctor also mentions the events of this story to Ace in the 1988 story "The Happiness Patrol".

The 625-line colour PAL transmission master videotapes for this story were scheduled to be wiped only a few months after the story's initial transmission. For some unknown reason only the first episode was actually erased. This was one of the latest Doctor Who episode to have ever been junked by the BBC (surpassed only by episode one of "Death to the Daleks", which aired a few months later). This story therefore remained incomplete in the BBC Archives until June 1983, when a damaged black and white engineering print was recovered by a film collector. While this print was severely degraded, it did complete the archive of Jon Pertwee episodes.

An unofficial Doctor Who restoration team re-mastered this story for transmission in 1998; the re-mastering of the damaged episode one was enough to warrant its transmission. It has been rumoured that an unofficial team of fans are attempting to re-colourise this black and white episode which is the last episode that does not exist in its original form.

This was the final complete story to be released by BBC Worldwide on VHS, in 2003 – albeit with the first episode only being available in its black and white format.

A novelisation of this story, written by Malcolm Hulke, was published by Target Books in February 1976 as "Doctor Who and the Dinosaur Invasion". The cover art, by Chris Achilleos, for this release was controversial for featuring the comic book style ‘K-Klak!’ on the cover. A later version, released in June 1978, featured a blood-dribbling T. Rex. This novelisation features a prologue about the dinosaurs and ends with The Doctor consulting the ‘Book of Ezekiel’ to determine the final fate of the Golden Age time travellers.



First and Last

The Firsts:

 The first appearance of the Whomobile - The Doctor's futuristic new car.

 Robert Holmes' first involvement in the show as Script Editor (all-be-it uncredited).

 The first story to be recorded that included a ‘Gallery only’ day to complete work required on the electronic effects

 The first story to have one of its episodes being transmitted with a different story title.


The Lasts (Subject to Future Stories):

 The last Doctor Who story written by Malcolm Hulke.

 The final complete Doctor Who story to be released by BBC Worldwide on VHS - albeit with the first episode only being available in its black and white format.


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The Plot

WARNING: May Contain SpoilersHide Text
Invasion of the Dinosaurs

A Dinosaur Attacks
A Dinosaur Attacks

The TARDIS materialises in what The Doctor, and his companion Sarah Jane Smith, soon realise is a deserted London. Curious as to what is going on they see a car but it does not stop so they follow it and soon discover its driver robbing a jeweller's. On being discovered the looter runs off but a screech of tyres and a bloodcurdling roar brings them outside to find the robber dead and the car's bonnet smashed in. The Doctor and Sarah then follow a land rover to a garage and disturb two more looters. To The Doctor’s surprise they are attacked by a flying creature that The Doctor identifies as being a pterodactyl. They escape by taking the land rover but are soon stopped by UNIT soldiers who, on discovering stolen gods in the back, arrest them and take their photographs in preparation for a military trial.

These photographs soon arrive at UNIT’s headquarters where thankfully Sergeant Benton recognises The Doctor and Sarah. The Brigadier, after being notified of The Doctor’s arrival in London, sends a despatch rider to fetch them. But after being found guilty of looting, and sentenced to be held in a military detention centre, The Doctor and Sarah manage to escape unaware that The Brigadier has arranged for them both to be freed. The Doctor and Sarah end up hiding in a warehouse where they meet a peasant from the time of King John who then fades away in a time eddy. The Brigadier then arrives and they all return to UNIT headquarters.

It is then that The Doctor and Sarah discover that UNIT are trying to find out why dinosaurs have been appearing all over Central London but it seems that The Brigadier is no nearer a solution. In overall charge is General Finch, but he refuses to listen to The Doctor's theories that someone in London is behind the appearances of the dinosaurs and other elements from the past. The Doctor therefore starts to build a stun-gun which he can use to knock out a dinosaur so that he can then monitor it when it vanishes – so enabling him to trace the source of the power used to transport it to the present day.

Standing Guard
Standing Guard

What The Doctor, The Brigadier and UNIT do not realise is that a scientist called Professor Whitaker is engineering the appearances. Working with a man called Butler they are keeping Central London empty of people. UNIT officer Captain Mike Yates is also in league with them. He warns Professor Whitaker of The Doctor's plans and so Professor Whitaker gives Captain Mike Yates a small device which will render The Doctor's stun-gun ineffective. And so when a seemingly docile brontosaurus appears The Doctor approaches it so that he can stun it unaware that his gun has been sabotaged. However, without warning the brontosaurus vanishes and a tyrannosaurus appears instead. Realising that his actions has put The Doctor in grave danger Captain Mike Yates removes the device from the gun and stuns the creature before it can harm The Doctor. With the large dinosaur moved to a hangar The Doctor places his detection devices around it. On learning what has happened Professor Whitaker instructs Captain Mike Yates to sabotage The Doctor's detection equipment.

On discussing who could be behind the manipulation of time Sarah remembers hearing about Professor Whitaker’s experiments from a story she worked on but no-one will follow up her suspicions. Sir Charles Grover MP, who is still in London, claims Professor Whitaker was a crank but General Finch seems interested and also arranges for Sarah to obtain a special pass so that she might take photographs of the captured tyrannosaurus. But the flash on Sarah’s camera revives the dinosaur and she finds herself trapped in the hanger. The Doctor comes to her rescue. He also discovers that the chains that held the creature had been cut and that all The Doctor's equipment had been sabotaged. Realising that someone within UNIT is working against him The Doctor decides to build a portable device to try and locate the power source – which he deduces is probably a small nuclear reactor. Sarah remembers about nuclear reactors being built into government bunkers and goes to see Sir Charles Grover. The reactor is actually under the building in which Sir Charles Grover is based and he tricks Sarah into entering a concealed lift which takes her to the underground base. There she is hypnotised with flashing lights.

The Doctor, Sarah and The Brigadier
The Doctor, Sarah and The Brigadier

When Sarah wakes, she appears to be in a spacecraft which she is informed is some three months out from Earth, en-route for a planet dubbed New Earth. On board the space ship she meets Mark, Ruth and Adam who are three of 200 people, on seven ships, heading for the planet. Sarah though realises that all this is untrue when she feels the bump sustained in the hangar still on her head. Ruth is determined that Sarah must be re-educated and she is locked in a room which plays a continuous film of the pollution on Earth.

Meanwhile in a deserted London, The Doctor travels in his new car - a futuristic hovercraft vehicle - with his tracking device until he locates the power source in a London Underground station. He sees Butler enter and use a lift disguised as a janitor's cupboard to descend into an underground shelter. The Doctor follows him but is detected and routed back to the lift which takes him back up to the Underground station. On exiting the lift The Doctor is attacked by another pterodactyl before he manages to escape. On returning to the UNIT headquarters, The Doctor receives a phone call from Professor Whitaker telling The Doctor that he will meet him in the hangar. When he arrives The Doctor realises that someone is trying to discredit him when Professor Whitaker summons a stegosaurus just as General Finch bursts in, accusing The Doctor of being behind the appearances.

Back on the spacecraft, Ruth tells the others that Sarah will have to be eliminated if she cannot be re-educated. Mark goes to warn Sarah and helps her to escape. On discovering that the flight equipment on the spacecraft does nothing, she proves to Mark that it is all a fake by leaving through the airlock. She returns to UNIT headquarters but finds no-one there except for Private Bryson. It appears that General Finch has given orders that The Doctor, whom Sergeant Benton allowed to escape, be shot on sight, and The Brigadier and Sergeant Benton have gone to try and find him first. General Finch arrives and Sarah confides in him. She takes him back to Sir Charles Grover's office where he pulls a gun on her and so Sarah finds herself a prisoner once more.

The Doctor and The Brigadier
The Doctor and The Brigadier

Sir Charles Grover then orders a final wave of dinosaurs to ensure that no-one remains in London. He also gets General Finch to order all the UNIT and government troops to pull out. His plan is to roll back time on Earth so that those within a protective field of influence will arrive at an earlier 'golden age'. Sarah is then locked in a store room but manages to escape through a ventilation shaft. She returns to the fake spaceship but Ruth has her and Mark locked up. Adam is suspicious and sends a message to Sir Charles Grover who is allegedly on one of the other ships. He arrives in a space suit and admits his plan to Sarah and Mark, unaware that Adam is listening at the door. When he has gone, Adam releases Sarah and Mark and they head for the airlock. Sarah opens it and the rest of the passengers follow her out, determined to confront Sir Charles Grover.

The Doctor meets up with The Brigadier and they both return to UNIT headquarters. There, Captain Mike Yates threatens them with a gun, but Private Bryson inadvertently distracts him allowing the others to overpower him. The Doctor and The Brigadier then head for the Underground station with explosives and rope. On arriving at the Underground station The Doctor and The Brigadier blow up the lift entrance enabling The Doctor to descend down the lift shaft. In the underground base The Doctor knocks Butler out and then confronts Sir Charles Grover and Professor Whitaker just as Sarah, Ruth and the others arrive. When The Brigadier and Sergeant Benton arrive shortly afterwards Professor Whitaker takes the opportunity to start his machine. Time stands still for everyone except for The Doctor who manages to switch the machine off. He then reverses the polarity but this allows Sir Charles Grover to lunge at the controls. As he struggles with Professor Whitaker, they and the machine vanish into the past.

With the demise of Sir Charles Grover and Professor Whitaker, and as there is no longer a threat of any more dinosaurs arriving, The Brigadier starts to arrange for the capital to return to normal. He also grants Captain Mike Yates extended sick leave and the opportunity to retire quietly. At the same time The Doctor makes his own plans for another trip in the TARDIS and tries to persuade an initially reluctant Sarah to go with him to the planet Florana...

 
The Doctor with Captain Yates and General Finch
The Doctor with Captain Yates and General Finch
Sergeant Benton
Sergeant Benton
A Dinosaur Approaches
A Dinosaur Approaches
Sarah is Kidnapped
Sarah is Kidnapped
 
Sarah Heading for 'New Earth'
Sarah Heading for 'New Earth'
Sarah Learns the Truth
Sarah Learns the Truth
Professor Whitaker
Professor Whitaker
Another Dinosaur Appears From Thin Air
Another Dinosaur Appears From Thin Air




Quote of the Story


 'It's not the oil and the filth and the poisonous chemicals that are the real cause of pollution, Brigadier. It's simply greed.'

The Doctor



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Release Information

FormatTitleRelease Date (UK)Code NumberCover ArtRemarks
Video
VHS
Invasion of the DinosaursOctober 2003BBCV 7333Photo-montage
Video
DVD
Invasion of the DinosaursJanuary 2012BBCDVD 3376Photo-montagePart of the "UNIT Files" box set released along with "The Android Invasion"


In Print

FormatTitleRelease Date (UK)PublisherAuthorCover ArtRemarks
Novel
Novel
Doctor Who and the Dinosaur InvasionFebruary 1976Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeChris AchilleosISBN: 0-426-10874-4
(1st Edition Target Cover)
Novel
Novel
Doctor Who and the Dinosaur InvasionJune 1978Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeJeff CumminsISBN: 0-426-10874-4
(Reprinted Target Book Cover)
Novel
Novel
Invasion of the DinosaursNovember 1993Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeAlister PearsonVirgin new cover reprint.
ISBN: 0-426-10874-4
CD
CD
Doctor Who and the Dinosaur InvasionNovember 2007Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeChris AchilleosAudio version of the Target Novel read by Martin Jarvis.
CD
CD
Doctor Who and the Dinosaur InvasionOctober 2012Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeChris AchilleosAudio version of the Target Novel read by Martin Jarvis. Part of the 'Invasion Earth!' Box Set.
Novel
Novel
Doctor Who and the Dinosaur InvasionApril 2016Target No. 22Malcolm HulkeChris AchilleosBBC Reprint. ISBN: 978-1-78594-037-8
Doctor Who CMS Magazine (An Adventure in Space and Time)Issue 71
Doctor Who Magazine - ArchiveIssue 203 (Released: September 1993)
Doctor Who Magazine - The Fact of FictionIssue 335 (Released: October 2003)
Doctor Who Magazine - Time TeamIssue 339 (Released: February 2004)
Doctor Who Magazine Special - Archive1982 Summer Special (Released: 1982)
Doctor Who DVD FilesVolume 121 (Released: August 2013)

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Photo Gallery


The Doctor and Companions

 
Jon Pertwee
The Third Doctor

   

Nicholas Courtney
The Brigadier
John Levene
Sergeant Benton
Richard Franklin
Captain Mike Yates
   
Elisabeth Sladen
Sarah Jane Smith





On Release

VHS Video Cover
VHS Video Cover

BBC
VIDEO
 
DVD Box Set
DVD Box Set

BBC
VIDEO
   


In Print

Original Target Book Cover
Original Target Book Cover

Target
NOVEL
Reprinted Target Book Cover
Reprinted Target Book Cover

Target
NOVEL
Reprinted Virgin Book Cover
Reprinted Virgin Book Cover

Virgin
NOVEL
   
Target Audio CD Cover
Target Audio CD Cover

BBC
CD
Invasion Earth! Box Set Cover
Invasion Earth! Box Set Cover

BBC
CD
Reprinted BBC Book Cover
Reprinted BBC Book Cover

BBC
NOVEL
   


Magazines

Doctor Who CMS Magazine (An Adventure in Space and Time): Issue 71
Doctor Who CMS Magazine (An Adventure in Space and Time): Issue 71

CMS
Doctor Who Magazine - Archive: Issue 203
Doctor Who Magazine - Archive: Issue 203

Marvel Comics
Doctor Who Magazine - The Fact of Fiction: Issue 335
Doctor Who Magazine - The Fact of Fiction: Issue 335

Marvel Comics
   
Doctor Who Magazine - Time Team: Issue 339
Doctor Who Magazine - Time Team: Issue 339

Marvel Comics
Doctor Who Magazine Special - Archive: 1982 Summer Special
Doctor Who Magazine Special - Archive: 1982 Summer Special

Marvel Comics
Doctor Who DVD Files: Volume 121
Doctor Who DVD Files: Volume 121

GE Fabbri
   

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